Eczema is an umbrella term for several different types of skin conditions. Most of the time when people talk about eczema, they're referring to a specific condition scientifically known as atopic dermatitis. This is the definition we'll use for the rest of this FAQ.
Eczema occurs when your skin's barrier is compromised, resulting in outside irritants getting in and moisture being lost. The most common symptoms are dry, itchy skin; swelling; rough skin; and red patches that may ooze slightly.
Doctors believe eczema is caused by a combination of genetics, dehydrated skin, environmental factors, and possibly an autoimmune condition.